Flanged head for paper containers and method of making the same



May 25, 1937. G, A, MOORE 2,081,759

FLANGED HEAD FOR PAPER CONTAINERS AND METHOD OF MAKING THE SAME Filed July 17, 1934 2 sheets-snaai 1l G. A. MOORE May 25, 1937.

FLANGED HEAD FOR PAPER CONTAINERS AND METHOD OF MAKING THE SAME Filed July 17., 1954 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 n RW E md w BYU/kwa... A uw.,

ATTORNEY Patented May 25, 1937 UNITED STATES 2,081,159- PATENT OFFICE FLANGED HEAD vFort PAPER CONTAINERS AND METHOD or MAKING 'rnE SAME Georg-e Arlington Moore, Louisville, Ky., assignor to Humoco Corporation, Louisville, Ky., a corporation of Delaware Application July 17,1934, Serial No. 735,562

2o claims.

My invention relates to 4improvements in.

nations or layers of material differing in proper.,

15 ties orcharacteristics, such as paper and foil or Y similar metal, mutually contributing to enhance the strength of the structure and maintain the shape of deformation imposed thereon.

Further, said invention 'has for its` object to 20 provide an article of the character specified which is particularly adaptedv as an end closure or head for a container,l and which, when so uti# lized, may be readily inserted in place to provide a smooth close fit with the body or' shell of the.

container Without buckling and is capable of being curled', rolled or otherwise Workedtoform a seam or joint with the container body without break-down or other injury to the flange.

Further, said invention -has for its object to 30 provide an article of the character specified in 'which the structure and shape thereof are particularly designed to form heads or end closures for container bodies of cross-section other than circular, such as bodiesof oblong or oval shape or containers including curving portions, corners or sides of relatively'short radius.

Further, said invention has for its object to provide an article ofthe character specified in which the arcuate flange portions thereof include means compensating for excess material resulting from reductions in radius in the flange and seam forming operations,al1owing said operations Without detriment to the material, and insuring the formation of aseam ofuniform char- 45 acter. i

Further, said invention has for its object to provide an article of the character specified in which the base portion and flange at the juncture thereof are reinforced .to stiffen the structure, 50 and providev a flexible connection between said which the head includes means interposed be- -tween the arcuate end portions and the straight side portions of the flange to prevent said end portions from. causing buckling, Wrinkling or deformation of the straight portions when the head is inserted Within the container body, and to maintain the parts in a smooth close fitting relation during the seam forming operation.

Further, saidl invention has for its object to provide an article of the character specified in which the bottom wall thereof is scored or weakened Without impairment of the foil or f the impervious character thereof.

Further, said invention has for its object to provide an article of the character specified in which the laminated layers thereof are Welded or vulcanized together by a flexible or elastic adhesive adapted to compensate Without loss of adhesion for stresses. or strains imposed on the laminations during fabrication and to enhance the strength and durability of said article and preserve the shape thereof.

Other objects will in part be obvious and in part be pointed out hereinafter.

To the attainment of the aforesaid objects and ends my invention consists in the novel features .of construction and in the combination, connection and. arrangement of parts, and in the steps constitutingthe method, hereinafter more fully described and then pointed out in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings:

Fig. 1 is a plan of a blank from which is produced one form -of article constructed according to and embodying my said invention;

Fig. 2 is an enlarged sectional view thereof on the line 2-7-2 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a fragmentary section of apparatus for carrying out the method, the blank being shown in position to be-operated upon;

, Fig. 4 is a similar view showing the position of the parts after the blank is Operated upon and the flanged article formed;

Fig. 4a is an enlarged section of a portion thereof illustrating the flange fluting and method; f

Fig. 5 is an enlarged transversecross-section of the flanged article taken on a line corresponding to the line 5-5 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 6 is a similar view showing how the marginal portion of' the flange is inturned in forming a container seam, the container body being shown in broken lines; B

Fig. '7 is a longitudinal cross-section of the flanged article or head as formed from said blank, the saine being shown positioned within a container shell or body; I

Fig. 8 is a cross-section thereof taken on the line 8-8 of Fig. '7, looking in the direction of the arrows; and

plementing each other in satisfying the require-` ments of use. Paper stock alone, for instance, is dimcult to Work, and once the brous structure thereof is modified from its natural or :dat state as by hanging, owing, or other application of working pressure thereto it is more dicult to fiowor turn the material after such treatment in order to form an interlocking seam or joint, and the stresses and strains imposed on the paper by the hanging operation ordinarily tend to cause the stock to expand or iiare and lose .the shape imposed thereon.

By using laminated blanks composed of superimposed layers of paper, preferably a long nber, or rag stock which does not readily tear oft in strata, and metal foil or other light sheet metal secured together by adhesive satisfying the requlrements of the process and of the product, the shaping or hanging operation can be greatly facilitated and the flange can be later subjected to the seam forming operation and retained in folded position within the seam without becoming cracked, torn or otherwise injured. Fure ther, in using foil or similar soft, readily deformable material the wall of the structure is rendered substantially impervious to air and moisture, and the paper component, because of its greater tenacity or tensile strength compared to the foil, serves to reinforce and strengthen said foil to prevent injury thereto.

The blank ita, as one example, comprises a layer of foil l l reinforced or strengthened at one side by one or more paper layers l2 and i3 preferably disposed with the nbresA in crossing relation to form a structure like a veneer and secured together by an adhesive i3d of a character capable of forming with the paper a relatively sti backing for the foil component, a fairly heavy vegetable glue or adhesive being found satisfactory for this purpose. The foil ll is secured to the paper by an adhesive lll of different properties from the adhesive lia as hereinafter described. The opposite side of the foil is exposed, and the surface of the foil at the inner side thereof is embossed or roughportions in forming a, seam ply, the materials of the laminations become displaced relative to each other in accordance with the differences in reduction of radius resulting from said operations. It is therefore necessary to compensate for this by providing an adhesive which allows the laminations to slip, yield or otherwise move over each other during the anging and seam forming operations and retains said laminations in inti= mate contact so that the stresses applied t`o the material will not rupture, break, tear, crack or otherwise damage the same, or cause the laminations or Walls to wrinkle, buckle or become unduly irregular in outline.

I have discovered that certain substances having elastic or yielding properties, such as adhesives having Vbases of gutta-percha, caoutchouc or rubber, for example, substances containing latex, Which usually require a solvent to place the same in condition for. use, or other substances not requiring the A"use of a solvent, such as those containing chlorinated diphenyl resins as their i base, are sufficiently flexible or resilient to yield when the material is being deformed to allow relative movement of the laminations and retain the layers in intimate contact, the article being formed without damaging the material or impairing the imperviousness thereof. I also iind that such iiexible or elastic substances or adhesives do not appreciably harden, crack or crystallize, are impervious to and unaffected by moisture, and compensate for stresses or strains imposed on the laminations without releasing the adhesion between the same so that! the laminations are retained in intimate contact-and to shape, thereby enhancing the durability, strength and impervious qualities of the article. In practice better results are obtained in forming the blanks by depositing a thin coat or film of the adhesive on the metal foil and also upon the paper and then applying the paper to the foil. This appears to improve the gripping or sticking action oi the adhesive, vand further iin-- provernent is noted if the foil is embossed or otherwise roughened, as at i5, to provide anchorage vfor the adhesive ll. The articles lil are preferably formed in dies such as shown at Figs. 3 and 4 with the application of heat. The heat either causes the adhesive to set, as in the case of those containing a rubber base, or'renders the adhesive more iiexible and resilient and causes the same to more uniformly permeate the fiber and the juncture between the paper and foil, as in the case of heat responsive adhesives containing a resin base, and settingupon cooling. The adhesive lll retains the parts in permanent shape with the laminations intimately united in a manner simulating vulc-anization or welding.

The laminated blank Illa, although illustrated herein as being of greater lengththan width and adapted to form heads for containers of ovalvor oblong cross-section as shown as Fig. 8 may be of any vdesirable shape. Blank lila as illustrated comprises a central portion it adapted to form the base or body of the ilanged article or head and an outer part i60, adapted to form the flange on said article. The juncture between the central part i6 and the ange forming part i60. is designated by the broken line ll having the arcuate end portions lla. The flange forming part ia comprises marginal side portions i8 having` the edges I9 thereof lying on straight lines and the marginal 'end portions 20. The outer parts of the marginal portions 26 are serrated or notched, as indicated at 2l, the blunt apices of the projections lying on outer arcs, designated by the broken lines 22, and the apices of the intervening spaces lying on inner arcs, designated gether as at 2Ia to compensate for the reducedl radius of said arcuate flange portions compared tothe original radiusof the curved margins 22. The function of said notchesand the results produced thereby are more fully described hereinafter.V

I have found however that in forming anged heads of greater length than Width, there is a tendency for the material of the notchedparcuate end portions to spread out, and exert comlpression pressures upon the straight side portions I8 of the flange, either causing or tending to cause the latter to buckle or to otherwise become distorted, or, because of the resistance of the relatively stiif side portions to said spreading effect at the rounded ends, causing said end portions 20 to flare outwardly from a vertical, and that, when the head is forced into place within the container body 25, the compression pressures exerted upon said side portions I8 by the end portions 20 in assuming a vertical position cause buckling, ruiiling or other distorting eifects.

While the notches 2| aid in preventing buckling, ruling, folding or overlapping of the material of the flange when the head is inserted in the container body, I find it necessary, in forming structures having straight side portions such as herein described, to supplement such notches 2| by provision of -notches 24 of modified shape lo# cated substantially at the junctures between the arcuate end portions 20 and the straight side portions i8 for preventing said distorting tend- -ency and insuring a smooth, close fitting engagement between the parts throughout, and particularly coextensively with the uninterrupted inner part of the ange. 'I'he juncture notches 24 have relatively blunt apices 24a terminating well above the ange base line I1 and substantially in line with the arcs 23 at points coincident with the junctures between the curving portions 2D and side portions I8. When' the ange is drawn the edges of the notches 24 draw closer together to prevent or minimize the distorting effect oi the end portions 20 upon the side portions I8 and to form said anges I6a with the end` portions 20 thereof substantially vertical. By constructing the notches 24 with the blunt apices 24a, when the flange is drawn, the resulting notches 24h reduce in size and remain of suflicient depth and width to allow the flange portions 20 to assume a position more closely approaching the vertical so that the head can be inserted within the container without.

exerting compression pressures upon the .side portions I8 tending to wrinkle, rutile or buckle the same, the notches 24h as're'duced also comflange portions I8 during the flange drawing op,n eration, the flange portions I8 having substantially smooth, flat outer surfaces I8a.

The uting 21 forms a wall of alternately reduced and enlarged thickness, the material along the longitudinal lines of reduced thicknesslsb being highly compressed relative to the material along the lines of greater thickness I8c. 'I'he lines 'I8b of compressed material thus form reinforcements extending longitudinally of the side portions and contributing to maintain the walls portions in forming seams fon containers of the particular shape herein shown and described, and thereby compensating for the relatively greater resistance of non-arcuate or straight flange walls I8 to the turning or curling operati'on compared to the resistance of the end portions 20 of the flange IGa which may be more readily turned. over because of the notches 2l and arcuate shape thereof, the turning over of such arcuate portions being inwardly radially towards the center. However, in the formation of seamsor reinforcements for containers of other forms, the fiuting 21 can be advantageously employed for facilitating the flowing or curling of arcuate flangen portions.

The i'luting 21 also cooperates with the notches 2I and 24 and with the foil component of the flange in obtaining the smooth uniform, close fitting relationbetween the flange Ilia and body 25 desirable for proper coaction with the seam forming tools, and also places the material of the relatively stiff straight side portions I8 in condition to be responsive to the curling operation to the same extent as the material of the notched arcuate end portions 20, thereby enabling a uniform turning over of the ange throughout the extent thereof without breakdown of the material or dislocation of the head I0 because of the excessive pressures which would otherwise be required to effect the curling over of the material.

-At Figs. 3 and 4, I have illustrated one form of apparatus or die for carrying out the method invention, there will, of course, be correspond' ing changes in Vthe form of the apparatus or dies; employed.

Referring to Figs. 3 and 4, a female die 28 is shown supported in the die bolster 29, which may comprise Aa heating chamber 30, which facilitates the drawing operation and causes vulcanization of the laminations as above described. Die 28 is of hollow formation with a flat table or flange 3| at the top Athereof for receiving the blank Illa properly centered thereon. The table 3l and inner wall 32 of die 28 meet in a rounded corner 33 to avoid breakage of the blank in the drawing operation.

The undrawn blank I 0a is confined by the' hollow pressure or stripper member 34 to which -pressure is applied as through suitable spring clamps 35 detachably engaging the member 34 and retaining the same against upward movement, the pressure member as thus retained servinguto hold the blank flat and keep it smooth during the drawing operation. The pressureapplied to the-blank Illa by the member 34 is not suiiicient to retard materially the movement of the material inwardly upon the table 3l during the drawing operation.l Downward mov ment of the stripping member 34 is limited by engagement of the marginal ange portion 31 thereof with the bolster 29, and the spacing between the table 3I Iand member 34 is gauged in accordance with the thickness of the blank used so as to put the latter under the required restraint without clamping the material to the extent of interfering with the drawing operation.

In the drawing and head forming operation,

I preferably make use of dies 39 and 40 which are constructed to initially forma reinforcement or rib 38 about an intermediate portion of the blank at the juncture of the base portion I6 thereof with the flange portion I9a thereof, said ribproviding a complementary groove 38a within the flanged head for-the purpose hereinafter described.

The anvil die 39 is adapted to slide within the .die 28 and has a flat upper surface 4I which Ain the uppermost position thereof is substantially ush with the table 3l. The die 39 has a peripheral groove 42 at the upper end thereof adapted to receive the\projecting male portion 43 on the die 48, the groove 42 and portion 43 being shaped to form a rib 38 of the cross-section shown at Fig. 4. The die 39 has a stem or shaft 44 slidably projecting through the lower end of the bolster 29 and' engaged by a relatively strong spring.45, preferably of the leaf type, for yieldably resisting the downward movement of said die and imposing a brake resistance thereon, such downward movement being limited by engagement of the die with the base of the bolster 29 and upward movement thereof being limited byengagement of the shoulder 46 on the projecting portion of the shaft 44 with the bottom of said bolster 29.

The upper die member 49 is mounted for sliding movement-within the pressure member 34, and is provided at its lower end with a recess 41 formed by the depending, peripheral, male rib forming portion 43. Disposed within the recess 41 is a pressure plate or stripper member 48 having a shaft or stem 49 slidably mounted in -the die member 48. Coil spring 50 is disposed about the rod 49 between the members 40 and 48.

In operation, the upper die parts 34, 49, 48 are lifted out of the way and the blank loa is disposed in position upon the anvil die 39 and table 3I, it being preferable to dip the blank first into a suitable substance for lubricating the dies and rendering the material more responsive to the action thereof. I find that a wax, such as parafine, is suited for this purpose because it becomes ,uent at the temperatures employed in the fianging operation, and serves to improve the hermetic seal between the shell and the head. The parts 34, 40, 48 are then replaced in position, as shown in Fig. `3, with the pressure member 34 secured in engagement with the marginal portion of the blank to function in the manner above described, and with the member 48 engaging the central portion I6 of the blank Illa, corresponding to the flat base portion I of the head, and retaining such central portion in rm engagement with the anvil die 39 to hold the blank in position during the rib forming and flange drawing operation. Upon application of power, the male die 40 descends against the tension of the spring 50 while the die member 39 remains stationary, the operation causing the male portion 43 to enter the recess 42 and drawing the material from the marginal portion of the blank into the recess -42 to form the rib or reinforcement 38. The deformation or shape imposed on the material conforms to the shape of the spacing or clearance between the portions 42 and 43 provided when the lower surface 52 of the die 48 engages the member 48 as shown at Fig. 4, it being understood however that, at the completion of this rib forming operation, the anvil dieV 39 is retained by the spring l5 substantially in the Aposition shown at Fig. 3.

-formed material forming the rib 38 clamped between the dies to preserve the shape imposed on the material by the rib forming operation. A clearance 53 of substantially the thickness of the flange isprovided between the surface 32 of flange forming die 28 and the surface 54 of the die 48, the marginal portion of the blank being drawn into said clearance 'space 53 from between the table 3| and pressure `plate 34 by the joint movement of the dies 39 and 49. The surface 54 upon each of the at sides thereof is provided with a series of longitudinally extending parallel recesses l55 into which the rods 55a are sweated to provide the projecting ribs 55h for gripping the material during the flange drawing operation to more uniformly distribute the application of the forceused in the drawing operation and to take the strain off of the base of the wards their uppermost position, and, upon re moval of the pressure plate 34 and `die 48, the spring 59 forces the stripper plate 48 outwardly to cause disengagement of the flanged head fromA the die 40.

In the construction of containers, such as shown in Fig. 9 it may be advisable in some instances to form the heads II) with weakened, scored, or partially cut portions, as indicated at 56 in Figs. 5 and 6, to provide knock-outs 51 in the base portions of the heads III whichAmay be readily pressed in by the finger or thumb, severed and removed. As shown in Figs. 5 and 6 a wedge-shaped cut 56 is made substantially through the paper componentof the iiat portion 5I of the head along a line contiguous to the bead 38. The apex of the cut terminates short of the foil I I so that the knock-out 51 may be formed without damaging the foil and impairing the impervious qualities thereof.

It is preferable, in some instances to form the knock-out 51 at the same roperation with the formation of the flanged head and for this purpose, the die 39 upon the surface 4I thereof is provided with a wedge-shaped cutter 58 contiguous to the groove 42 and in position to operate upon the paper side of the blank, the depth of the cutter 58 being substantially equal to the thickness of the paper lamination or laminations I2 and I3. The face of the stripping and pressure member 48 at the foil side of the blank is provided with a complementary groove or recess 59 registering with the cutter 58.

. 2,081,759 When-the pressure is applied to the .dieland the inner facel 52 thereof enga'gesthemember v48. the pressure exerted causes the wedge-shaped 'cutter 58 to plowthrough the paper until the apex thereof reaches the elastic adhesive .H between the paper and-the foil, the plowingv action spreading the material laterally so as to minimize compression'on the foil tending to sever, bite into or otherwise' damage the same.

foil, thereby preventing cutting, breaking .or

. The elastic adhesive I4 serves to cushion the compression o'n the foil, and the groove 59 allows the foil to yield and to be received into the same upon th'e application of compression to the other damage thereto as a result of the cutting operation. The ojriginal foil thicknessis thus maintained substantially uniformly throughout, and the `inipervious.property of .such -lfoil is preserved. t y

By the provision of a wedge-shaped cutter 56 gauged to plow substantially through the entire thickness of the paper layers into the elastic adhesive I4 short of the foil I .am able to form a knock-out 51 which is ynormally .imper- ,vious to air and moisture and which may be readily pressed-out and remove d, the parts then exhibiting a clean shear at the severed edges.'

After the blank Ilia is vdrawn by' the action of said dies, the central portion 6 of the blank7 forms the bottom 5I and bead. 38 of the flanged i headv |0 and the portion Ilia forms the vertical ange including the side portions |8 Aand curved end portions 20. The reinforcement or bead 38 is formed at the junction'between said bottom 5| and'said flange |611 as lhereinafter more fully described. The arcuate or curving end portions 20 thus formed each comprises a substantiallyA continuous innerportion. 60 which is n'ot to be subjected to further folding or deformation and the non-continuous -or interrupted =marginal portion 6| 'which is to be 'infolded togetherwith the outer parts of theside flange portion I8 into interlocking relation with the marginal portions I .of the container body wall 25 hereinafter described. The continuous portion l6|) corresponds with the portion of the; blank between the lines I1 and 23,*and the interrupted portion 6| corre-- sponds with the portion of the blank between the lines 22 and 23. In drawing the flange portions 20 the radius thereof is reduced from that that the flange |6a is of substantial depth compared to the radius of the rounded or curved end portions 20 to provide ample material to be infolded .in forming the seam 26 ofthe container.

When flanged heads are ordinarily drawn from a flat blank of paper stock only in the abl sence of notches the resulting reduction in 4radius l tends to crowd, compress or pleatAv the excess material at 'the marginal portion of the flange `causing the flange to expand or flare outv and lose its shape. In my inventionthe foil layer supplel mented by the notches 2| opposes the tendency of the paper layer to expand, and, I am thus able to maintain the entire flange |6a. substantially vertical. notches 24 also aid 4in preventing buckling, wrinkling or ruiliing of the flange, particularly in The notches 2|a, supplemented b y its opposite end merges into a straight wall porthe straightporaons la' inereoa'wnen the head l0 is inserted within' the body 2liv as shown at Fig. '1. l

- In drawing ilangedheads in ordinary practice without the preliminary notching of the blank,

the curved wall portions of the flange, particularly when of substantial Vdepth compared to the radius thereof, become thick to compensate for the excess material, or tend to ruille or pleat,A and when said walls are compressed in the drawing operation the material of the wall becomes highly compressed, hardened and embrittled,l rendering it difficult to turn over or ow the" material in forming the seam without causing break down of such material. This difdculty is obviated by lthe notching 2| i.. 'I'he notching 2| valso allows the flange |6a to be drawn without causing the foil at the curved ends to ruflle or pleat in, compensating for the excess material 4thereof upon reduction in radius. If such foil pleating or ruiiling were vallowed in the outer portions 6| of the curving ange portions 20, the material is liable to jam in the dies to cause rupture or other damage thereto or render the same unsuited for the seam forming operation.

The lower part of the flange |6a is continuous throughout to provide an extended surface contact with the shell 25 and is made relatively stiffer and more rigid since such inner portion is not to be subjected to further flowing vor dei'- ormation operations but must sustain the forces applied to the margin during the curling operation.

In the present invention the notches 2| are of vsize compensating for reduction of radius in forming the flange andfor reduction in radius 6| informing th'eseam 26'so that the use of excess material is obviated at the rounded ends f.

of the seam 26 of the container, andthe entire seam or reinforcement can b e made of uniform cross-section and shape. In Fig. 6, I have shown the end flange portion 6| turned'over, illustratfing at 2lb how the notch edges are drawn together to' form a substantially continuous wall or ply structure without crowding of lthe material, and insuring the formation of a container seam of uniform cross-section throughout. e The means 2| for compensating for excess 'material .at the curving end portions or the flange upon double reduction in radius is particularly applicable to containers having rounded portions of relatively short radius and to containers formed with rounded corners or sides when the iiange depth is substantialfcompared to the radius of the curved ends thereof.

' The rib 38 of the head 0 serves to reinforce and stiffen the article about the margin thereof, and tends to retain the same in shape against warping due to shrinkage. 'Ihe rib 38 provides a relatively deep recess or groove 38a atthe inner side of the headI between the' bottom 5| and the inner side of the flange |6a for receiving the lower portion of the reinforcing seam 26 asA shown in Fig. 9. For this purpose the rib 38 comprises a wall portion 63 of substantially a 90 degree arc describedtion substantially normal. to the 4flange wall |6a.

4resulting from the turning over of the portion l The rib 38 as thus constructed provides a yieldable' or elastic connection between the b'ottom portion 5| and flange |6a, compensating for shrinkage as the article dries and tending to sup- 'plement the foil in keeping the flange wall |6a for the container body 25 as shown at Figs. 'l to 9, y

it is inserted in position with the bead 38 resting upon or engaging the squared abutment or shoulder 66 formed in the container wall, the shoulder 66 and the portion 65 of the bead 38 having a right angular interengagement, the corner o f the bead 38 fitting into the vcorner of the shoulder 66. The seam 26 is then formed with the plies thereof received into and interlocking with the relatively deep groove 38a. The shoulder 66 effectively resists axial movement of the head I0 under the pressures or stresses applied lengthwise of the container and prevents the head from becoming dislodged therefrom when bending and canting strains are imposed thereon, the bead 38 and shoulder 66 cooperating to resist stresses and strains imposed on the container liable to cause distortion of thevbead 38 and allow the seam plies to be released therefrom and loosened. It is to be understood that the other end of the container may be provided with a similar end closure or head.

The foil Al I disposed within the groove 38a and upon the inner side of the ange |611. is brought, when the seam 26 is formed, into contact with the contiguous ply portions of the seam 26 to form a gasket seal for preventing the passage of air and moisture through the joint or seam.

The width and the depth of the groove 38a allow the plies of the seam 26 to be forced into interlocking relation with the groove upon application of pressure lengthwise of the plies. The parallel or straight portions 64-l6a of the groove 38a serve to prevent rocking or swinging of the interlocked end of the plies on the degree arc of the wall portion 63 out of engagement with the groove, the plies, in eiect being keyed within said groove 38a against movement. The depth` of the groove 38a is such that the extended plane of the bottom 5| intersects all of the parallel plies of the seam including the flange ply 61 which is embedded between the ply portions formed from the marginal portion of the body, and which has the end thereof extending into the confines of the groove 38a. When thus embedded y the rounded notched end portions 6| form substantially a continuous structure as shown in Fig. 6 at 2lb.

The interlocking structure provided at 38a resists stress or pressure on the seam plies in all directions. The bottom 5| serves as a brace or strut disposed inside of the seam body to resist inward movement or loosening of the plies thereof. Stress on the seam plies directed lengthwise thereof in either direction is resisted by the engagement between the loops or bends and complementary ends of the plies.

The structural features of the head |0 embodyv ing my said invention are coordinated to provide a flanged head which may be fabricated from a flat blank without distorting, breaking down,

embrittling or otherwise injuring the stock or material to an extent that it cannot be subsequently worked in forming the seam 26 of the container, which may be inserted into a container shell in a smooth, close ttng relation thereto without buckling, Wrinkling or ruilling and which provides an inner flange portion having a continuous, extended, uninterrupted engagement with said shell.

The article embodying my said invention and resulting from the method thereof, when received into a container shell in a smooth, close tting relation thereto may be readily turned over about the flange thereof together with the marginal portion of the shell to form a multiple ply joint or seam of substantial strength, durability, and imperviousness toair and moisture, and said article or head is particularly adapted for containers of cross-sections other than circular, such as containers having curving wall portionsof relatively short radius, and particularly to the container having straight side walls connected-by curving side or corner portions of relatively short radii such as herein shown and described. The resulting container incorporating said head is strong and durable, of light weight and pleasing appearance, and substantially impervious to air and moisture, forming a hermetically sealed package capable of preserving the contents thereof in condition for prolonged periods. By employing the head embodying my said invention, the

reinforced seam or joint 26 can be made of uniform gauge dimensions capable of being uniformly engaged by a suitable cover or closure.

In my invention they paper component of the head is reinforced or supplemented by a foil lamination which renders the head substantially impervious to fluids and preserves the shape imposed thereon by the drawing operation, and knock-outs such as herein shown and described, may be formed in said heads without impairing the impervious character of the Walls thereof.

,Having thus described my invention what I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. The method of producing an article of the character described which comprises making a blank of paper stock and metal foil laminations with an elasticadhesive therebetween, and subjecting said blank to the action of dies for conforming the same to a desired shape.

2. The-method of producing an article of the character described which comprises making a blank of paper stock and foil laminations with an elastic adhesive therebetween, and subjecting the blank toa deforming action in the presence of heat.

3. The method of producing an article of the character described which comprises making a blank of paper and foil laminations with an interposed layer of an adhesive having a rubber base, and deforming said blank in the presence of heat to form a flange at substantially right angles to the remainder of the article.

4. The method of producing an article of the character described which comprises making a blank of paper and foil laminations with an interposed elastic adhesive, and drawing a flange about ythe marginal portion of said blank, said flange being substantially at right angles to the .remaining portion of the article.

5. The method of producing an article of the character described which comprises forming a laminated structure of paper and foil, and plowing into the paper lamination and spreading the material laterally to form a wedge-shapedI cut 93. PAPER MANUFACTURES.

Dual LIU lluul therein and minimize compression on the foil lamination.

6. The method of producing an article of the character described which comprises forming a laminated structure of paper and foil, and forming a cut in the paper lamination, while relieving at the opposite side of the structure compression on the foil. l

'7. The method of producing an article of the character described which comprises forming a laminated structure of paper and foil with an elastic adhesive therebetween, plowing into the paper to form a wedge-shaped cut therein and spread the material laterally to minimize compression on the foil while relieving at the opposite side of the structure any compression on the foil.

8. The method of producing an article of the character described which comprises forming a laminated blank of paper and foil with an adhesive therebetween, subjecting said blank to the action of dies for imposing a deformation thereon, and at the same operation subjecting the paper component of said laminated blank to a scoring operation while leaving the foil component substantially intact.

9. The method of producing a flanged article which comprises making an oblong blank having notched arcuate end portions and non-arcuate side portions from paper and foil laminations secured together with an elastic adhesive, retaining the marginal and central portions of said blank in position while subjecting the intermediate portion thereof to the action of die members for forming a relatively deep groove therein, and then drawing the flange at the marginal portion of said blank by the joint movement of said die members against a spring resistance while retaining said central and intermediate portions of the material under pressure between said die members to preserve the shape imposed on the material in forming said groove.

l0. An article of the character described com prising a body composed of brous material and foil secured together with an elastic adhesive, and including a peripheral flange drawn from the marginal portion thereof, said flange extending substantially at right angles to the remainder of the article.

l1. An article of the character described comprising a body composed of brous material and foil secured together by an adhesive, said body including a peripheral flange about the margin thereof, and a groove formed therein at the juncture o-f the flange with the remaining portion of said body.

l2. An article of the character described comprising a body composed at least in part of fibrous material, said body having substantially straight side flange portions having longitudinally eX- tending flutes formed therein and arcuate end flange portions having notches formed therein.

13. An article of the character described comprising an elongated body composed at least in part of fibrous material and having relatively straight side flange portions and arcuate end flange portions, and notches having blunt apices formed in said body at the junctures of said side and end flange portions.

14. An article of the character described comprising an elongated body composed of laminations of foil and paper stock, and including a peripheral flange having arcuate end portions and non-arcuate side portions, said end portions having notches formed therein to compensate for excess material resulting from reductions in radius, said side portions having means formed therein to facilitate inturning of the material thereof, and said end and side portions having notches at the junctures thereof of slightly greater width than the notches in said end portions.

15. An article of the character described comprising a body composed of laminated fibrous and metal foil material, and including a relatively at base portion and a peripheral flange portion, said portions being connected by a yielding arcuate portion forming a groove therebetween, and said arcuate portion merging with said base and flange portions substantially normal thereto.

16. A laminated article having a score in certain of the laminae to provide a knock-out, and an elastic cushion between the scored and unscored laminae.

17. A laminated article having a substantially nat portion and a score in certain of the laminae to provide a knockout, and having a portion of an unscored lamina projecting above the surface of the flat portion in the plane of said score.

18. 'I'he method of producing an article of the character described which comprises making a blank of laminations of fibrous material and metal foil with an adhesive therebetween, subjecting said blank to the action of die members for scoring the fibrous material' to provide a knock-out, the foil being retained in impervious condition, moving said m-embers relative to another die member to form a reinforcement about said blank inwardly of the margin thereof, and drawing a flange about the marginal portion of said blank while retaining the intermediate portion thereof clamped between said members.

19. The method of producing an article of the character described which comprise making a laminated blank, subjecting said blank to the action of dies to score one of the laminations thereof while leaving another lamination intact to pro-vide a knock-out, forming a peripheral reinforcement of arcuate form about said blank inwardly of the margin thereof, and drawing a flange about the marginal portion of said blank.

20. In an article of the class described, a laminated structure of fibrous material and foil, the fibrous material being substantially thicker than the foil lamina, and an adhesive for securing the fibrous lamina to the foil lamina, the peripheral portion of the structure including a substantially right angle flange connected to the central portion thereof by an arcuate portion.

GEORGE ARLINGTON MOORE. 

